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Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and prognostic factors of Neodymium doped: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG ) laser combined with Erbium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) laser assisted subgingival scaling root planing (SRP) in the treatment of periodontitis.Methods:A prospective research method was adopted. A total of 66 patients with periodontitis treated in Hebei Chest Hospital from August 2018 to August 2020 were selected and divided into experimental group and control group according to the random number table method, with 33 cases in each group. The control group was treated with SRP, and the experimental group received Er:YAG laser curettage combined with root surface leveling on the basis of SRP, and irradiated the periodontal pocket with Nd:YAG laser. The changes of periodontal clinical indicators and cytokine levels in gingival crevicular fluid were examined before treatment, 4 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment. The patients were divided into PD<3 mm group and PD ≥ 3 mm group according to the probing depth (PD) of periodontal pocket after 12 weeks of treatment, the clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed, and the Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with periodontitis after laser treatment.Results:After 4 and 12 weeks of treatment, the PD, clinical attachment loss (CAL), sulcus bleeding index (SBI) and plaque index (PLI) of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment ( P<0.05), and the PD, CAL, SBI and PLI in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group, after 4 weeks of treatment: (3.36 ± 0.21) mm vs. (3.91 ± 0.39) mm, (4.14 ± 0.67) mm vs. (4.75 ± 0.73) mm, (1.83 ± 0.20) scores vs. (2.58 ± 0.17) scores, (1.29 ± 0.24) scores vs. (1.61 ± 0.52) scores; after 12 weeks of treatment: (3.04 ± 0.28) mm vs. (3.66 ± 0.54) mm, (3.91 ± 0.47) mm vs. (4.68 ± 0.66) mm, (0.88 ± 0.06) scores vs. (1.35 ± 0.14) scores, (1.05 ± 0.31) scores vs. (1.57 ± 0.56) scores, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). After 12 weeks of treatment, the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in gingival crevicular fluid in experimental group were significantly decreased compared with those in control group: (2.95 ± 0.19) μg/L vs. (4.32 ± 0.84) μg/L, (2.63 ± 0.82) μg/L vs. (3.58 ± 0.51) μg/L, (12.42 ± 1.19) μg/L vs. (13.26 ± 0.68) μg/L, (4.15 ± 1.12) ng/L vs. (5.36 ± 0.42) ng/L, (2.65 ± 0.08) ng/L vs. (4.12 ± 0.19) ng/L, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05), while the level of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) was significantly increased compared with that in control group: (51.35 ± 8.95) ng/L vs. (44.90 ± 5.84) ng/L, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the clinical indexes PD, SBI, PLI, IL-6, IL-8, TNF- α, MMP-8, IL-1β and crown root ratio of gingival crevicular fluid were all the risk factors for prognosis of periodontitis treated with dual wavelength laser ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Nd:YAG laser combined with Er:YAG laser assisted SRP can obtain good curative effect in the treatment of periodontitis. Periodontal clinical indexes PD, SBI, PLI, gingival crevicular fluid IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α, MMP-8, IL-1β level and crown root ratio were independent risk factors for the prognosis of periodontitis treated with dual wavelength laser.
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Una de las causas de la disminución de la visión es la catarata. El tratamiento es la extracción del cristalino opaco con reemplazo por un lente intraocular (LIO). La opacidad de cápsula posterior (OCP) es una complicación frecuente a largo plazo. Las modificaciones en el diseño del LIO tanto del material y la forma tienen mayor importancia para prevenir la OCP. Como tratamiento está la capsulotomía neodimio YAG láser. Objetivo: identificar la OCP relacionado con el tipo de LIO implantado en pacientes pseudofáquicos en la FBO, entre el periodo de marzo del 2019 hasta febrero del 2022. Métodos: estudio observacional, tipo analítico, subtipo cohorte histórica, retro- prospectiva y longitudinal, con enfoque de análisis estadístico de tipo cuantitativo. Resultados: predominó el género femenino con un 60 % y un 40 % representaba al masculino; un 60,3 % del total tenían entre 65 a 80 años. La OCP en los 3 tipos de lentes intraoculares (acrílico y PMMA) ocasionó una disminución en la agudeza visual: el 37 %, predominó, por el LIO hidrofóbico, 36 % por el LIO PMMA y destacamos que el 27 % fue por el LIO hidrofílico. La incidencia de OCP a 5 años fue del 32 %. No se registró ningún efecto adverso en nuestro estudio. Conclusiones: la OCP provoca una baja de agudeza visual leve a moderada en los 3 tipos de LIOs; con un mínimo predominio de BAV leve para el tipo de LIO hidrofóbico comparado con el hidrofílico. Además después de la capsulotomía un gran porcentaje tiene entre 20/20 a 20/25 de AV mejor corregida.
One of the causes of decreased vision is cataract. Treatment is removal of the cloudy lens with replacement by an intraocular lens (IOL). Posterior capsule opacity (PCO) is a common long-term complication. Modifications in the design of the IOL both in terms of material and shape are of greater importance in preventing PCO. Treatment is neodymium YAG laser capsulotomy. Objective: to identify the PCO related to the type of IOL implanted in pseudophakic patients in the FBO, from March 2019 to February 2022. Methods: observational study, analytical type, historical cohort subtype, retro-prospective and longitudinal, with a quantitative statistical analysis approach. Results: the female gender predominated with 60% and 41% represented the male; 60.3% of the total was between 65 and 80 years old. PCO in the 3 types of intraocular lenses (acrylic and PMMA) caused a decrease in visual acuity: 37%, predominated, due to the hydrophobic IOL, 36% due to the PMMA IOL and we highlight that 27% was due to the hydrophilic IOL. The incidence of PCO at 5 years was 32%. No adverse effect was recorded in our study. Conclusion: PCO causes mild to moderate visual acuity loss in all 3 types of IOLs; with a minimal predominance of mild AVB for the hydrophobic IOL type compared to the hydrophilic one. In addition, after capsulotomy, a large percentage has between 20/20 and 20/25 better corrected visual acuity.
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Objective:To compare the efficacy and adverse reactions of picosecond and nanosecond Nd∶YAG laser 532 nm in the treatment of seborrheic keratosis.Methods:A total of 30 patients with seborrheic keratosis were enrolled in this study. The rash size was more than 1-2 cm. Half of them were treated with picosecond laser and the other half with nanosecond Q-switched Nd∶YAG laser by wavelength of 532 nm. The treatment effect and adverse reactions were evaluated by observing the area and the disappearance of pigment. The patients were followed up for 3 months after treatment.Results:The total effective rate was 73.33% in the experimental group and 53.33% in the control group, with no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05), but the pain score, satisfactory score, scab shedding time and the incidence of pigmentation in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The 532 nm picosecond laser has a higher efficiency in treating seborrheic keratosis than 532 nm Q-switched Nd∶YAG, but it has no statistical significance. However, the self satisfaction is higher than that of the control group; the pain score, scab shedding time and the incidence of pigmentation are lower than those of the control group, with statistical significance. Therefore, picosecond 532 nm laser treatment of early seborrheic keratosis is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis mostly occurring on the central face, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. Currently, drug treatment is the first-line therapy for rosacea. In recent years, photoelectric therapy has showed a favorable therapeutic effect on rosacea by selective photothermolysis. This review summarizes latest advances in photoelectric therapy for rosacea.
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Objective@#To investigate the clinical efficacy of Nd: YAG laser combined with 3% acyclovir cream in the treatment of herpes labialis. @* Methods @# A total of 72 patients with herpes labialis were enrolled. According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into an observation group and a control group with 36 patients in the observation group and 36 patients in the control group. The Nd: YAG laser combined with 3% acyclovir cream was administered to the observation group, while 3% acyclovir cream was administered to the control group. The total effective rate, scab, scab removal, analgesic time, and quality of life were compared between the two groups.@*Results@# 7 days after treatment, the total effective rate of clinical treatment in the control group was 27 patients (75%), and that in the observation group was 34 patients (94.4%); the contrast difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with those in the control group, the crusting, prolapse and analgesic time of the observation group were shorter, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had higher quality of life scores, and there was a statistical significance (P < 0.05). @*Conclusion @#For patients with herpes labialis, using Nd: YAG laser combined with 3% acyclovir cream treatment can significantly improve the quality of life of patients and accelerate the speed of patient rehabilitation.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of 1 064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at different energy settings on cell viability, protease activity and structures of Malassezia furfur. Methods:Cultured standard strains of Malassezia furfur were divided into several groups to be irradiated with 1 064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at different energies of 0 (control group) , 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 mJ, respectively. Then, fungal suspensions in the above groups were inoculated onto the Leeming & Notman medium separately. After 7-day culture, the diameter and number of colonies were measured to evaluate the fungal cell viability, the protease activity was measured by using the whole-milk plate medium, and the ultrastructure of Malassezia furfur in each group was observed by transmission electron microscopy. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons among multiple groups, least significant difference- t test for multiple comparisons, and Pearson correlation analysis for analyzing correlations of laser energy with colony diameter, number and protease activity. Results:The colony diameter and number both significantly differed among the control group, 500-, 600-, 700-, 800- and 900-mJ groups (colony diameter: 4.05 ± 0.69, 3.76 ± 0.51, 3.28 ± 0.41, 3.09 ± 0.72, 2.54 ± 0.64 and 2.43 ± 0.41 mm, respectively; colony number: 4 787 ± 597, 4 287 ± 761, 1 879 ± 275, 1 082 ± 248 and 209 ± 42, 72 ± 31 colony-forming units, respectively; F = 14.83, 231.85, respectively, both P < 0.05) , and were significantly decreased in the 600-, 700-, 800- and 900-mJ groups compared with the control group (all P < 0.05) . The laser energy was negatively correlated with the colony diameter and number ( r = -0.67, -0.91, respectively, both P < 0.05) . The protease activity significantly differed among the control group, 500-, 700- and 900-mJ groups ( F = 346.60, P < 0.05) , and was significantly lower in the 700- and 900-mJ groups than in the control group (both P < 0.05) . There was a negative correlation between the laser energy and protease activity ( r = -0.94, P < 0.05) . Transmission electron microscopy showed intact fungal structures in the control group, relatively intact fungal structures in the 500-mJ group, and obviously damaged fungal structures in the 600- to 900-mJ groups, and the greater the laser energy, the more severely the fungal structures were damaged. Conclusion:The 1 064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser could affect the cell viability of and protease activity in Malassezia furfur, and damage its structures.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of long-pulsed 1 064-nm Nd:YAG laser combined with a topical emulsion containing Camellia reticulata and Radix Notoginseng in the treatment of melasma. Methods:A total of 80 patients with melasma were enrolled from Department of Dermatology, People′s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from June 2019 to June 2020, and randomly and equally divided into control group and observation group by using a random number table: 40 patients in the control group were treated with long-pulsed 1 064-nm Nd:YAG laser once every 2 weeks for 6 sessions as a course of treatment; another 40 in the observation group were treated with the same laser therapy as the control group and a topical emulsion containing Camellia reticulata and Radix Notoginseng twice a day for 3 months as a course of treatment. Melasma area and severity index (MASI), clinical efficacy, patient satisfaction rate and safety were compared between the 2 groups before and/or after treatment. Results:After 4- and 8-week treatment, there was no significant difference in the MASI score between the observation group (14.57 ± 3.22 points, 10.00 ± 2.94 points, respectively) and control group (14.74 ± 3.11 points, 11.31 ± 3.00 points, respectively; both P>0.05). After 12-week treatment, the MASI score was significantly lower in the observation group (4.80 ± 2.78 points) than in the control group (7.07 ± 3.22 points, t = -3.38, P<0.01). After 3-month treatment, the response rate was significantly higher in the observation group (36 cases, 90%) than in the control group (31 cases, 77.5%; χ2 = 4.58, P < 0.001) ; however, there was no significant difference in the patient satisfaction rate between the observation group (87.5%) and control group (72.5%, χ2 = 7.26, P = 0.06). In addition, no significant difference in the occurrence of adverse reactions was observed between the observation group (5 cases, 12.5%) and control group (7 cases, 17.5%; P > 0.05) . Conclusion:Compared with the long-pulsed 1 064-nm Nd:YAG laser alone, the topical emulsion containing Camellia reticulata and Radix Notoginseng in combination with the long-pulsed 1 064-nm Nd:YAG laser is more effective for the treatment of melasma, with higher patient satisfaction and less adverse reactions.
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@#Gingival pigmentation(GP) manifests as dark pigmentation spots, such as black or brown spots, in the gums. It is mostly caused by the deposition of melanin particles secreted by melanocytes on the gingival epithelium. The influencing factors may be divided into two categories, exogenous and endogenous. Exogenous factors include heavy metals, tattoos, smoking or drug use, and endogenous factors are related to certain diseases. The clinical grading of GP helps make a reasonable assessment of the necessity of treatment and prognosis. The Dummett-Gupta oral pigmentation index is a commonly used grading method, and the new grading method formed by combining the etiology and clinical manifestations described the patient’s situation more comprehensively. It is necessary to ask for a detailed medical history, complete examination, and correctly differentiate between physiological GP and GP caused by pathological state. Laser treatment is the currenttreatment with a better treatment effect and higher patient acceptance, and it is more comfortable and convenient, including diode laser, Er: YAG laser, and Nd: YAG laser, etc. This article summarizes the formation factors, clinical manifestations and treatment methods of GP to provide ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of GP.
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El síndrome de contracción capsular se describe como una reducción progresiva y acelerada del diámetro de la capsulorrexis y del saco capsular tras la extracción extracapsular del cristalino. Se reporta el caso de una paciente femenina, con antecedentes de miopía elevada, a quien se le realizó cirugía de catarata de ambos ojos sin complicaciones transquirúrgicas, y regresa con síndrome de contracción capsular bilateral al mes de operada. Se comenta la conducta seguida en ambos ojos(AU)
Capsule contraction syndrome is described as progressive, accelerated reduction in capsulorhexis and capsular bag diameter after extracapsular crystalline lens extraction. A case is presented of a female patient with a history of high myopia who underwent cataract surgery of both eyes without any intraoperative complication. One month after surgery the patient presents with bilateral capsule contraction syndrome. Comments are made on the clinical management of each eye(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Cataract Extraction/methods , Capsulorhexis/methods , Lasers, Solid-State/adverse effects , Posterior Capsulotomy/methodsABSTRACT
Introduction@# Rosacea is a chronic relapsing inflammatory facial dermatosis often characterized by flare-ups and remissions exclusively affecting the centrofacial skin.@*Case report@#This is a case of multiple symmetric intensely erythematous papules, pustules, and plaques over both cheeks in a 47-year-old Filipino female. Dermoscopy showed brown-yellowish structureless areas, straight vessels in a polygonal pattern, dilated follicles, follicular plugs, ill-defined white rosettes, and non-specific scales. Skin punch biopsy showed spongiosis of the epidermis and demodex folliculorum within the follicular infundibulum. The dermis revealed telangiectasia of blood vessels and dense inflammatory infiltrates. Hypertrophy of sebaceous lobules was also seen. The patient was initially treated with oral lymecycline 300mg twice a day for 2 weeks without improvement. Due to the persistence of centrofacial erythema, papules and pustules, the patient was given prednisone 10mg once a day for 1 month and low dose isotretinoin 10mg once a day for 8 months which resulted in significant decrease in erythema and number of existing lesions. To further decrease the inflammation con- tributed by demodex mites, permethrin 5% cream twice a day for 1 month was applied. Long-pulsed Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) 1064 nm laser for a total of 10 sessions together with Isotretinoin 10 mg every other day effectively maintained remission for 1 year and 5 months. Gentle skin care measures, sunscreen, metronidazole 0.75% cream once a day, and desonide 0.05% cream twice a day for 1 week in cases of acute flares were maintained during the treatment course.@*Conclusion@#An armamentarium of topical and oral antibiotics, corticosteroids, isotretinoin and non-ablative long-pulsed Nd:YAG 1064 nm laser showed significant improvement in the inflammatory papules, pustules, and centrofacial erythema of rosa- cea and proves to be beneficial in the maintenance of its long-term remission.
Subject(s)
Rosacea , Isotretinoin , LymecyclineABSTRACT
@#AIM:To observe the long-term effect of Ultra Q:YAG vitreous ablation in the treatment of floaters, and to evaluate the advantages of Ultra Q:YAG over traditional Nd:YAG laser. <p>METHODS: Retrospective study. Totally 112 patients(130 eyes)were diagnosed with vitreous opacity were included and treated with laser vitreous ablation in our hospital from May 2018 to January 2020. All patients were performed the laser treatment for vitreous ablation and divided into groups A and B by different laser types. Group A(60 patients, 70 eyes)underwent Ultra Q:YAG vitreous ablation, and group B(52 patients, 60 eyes)underwent traditional Nd:YAG laser treatment. Then, we divided subgroups by the morphology of vitreous floaters. Subgroup A1(45 patients, 52 eyes)and subgroup B1(30 patients, 38 eyes)both with the morphology of Weiss ring, floccule and dense membrane; Subgroup A2(15 patients, 18 eyes)and subgroup B2(22 patients, 22 eyes)with the morphology of filiform and mesh. We observed the difference of frequency and visual improvement by patients compared to baseline.<p>RESULTS: BCVA: There was no significant difference between groups A1 and A2, groups B1 and B2, group A and group B at baseline(<i>P</i>>0.05). After treatment, there were statistically significant differences in BCVA between group A and group B at 2wk and 1mo. There were statistically significant differences between group A1 and group A2 at 1, 6 and 12mo(<i>P</i>=0.019, 0.042, <0.001). The effect of the laser treatment was significantly different between the two groups, group A was better than group B(<i>P</i>=0.006), group A1 was significantly better than that in group A2(<i>P</i><0.001). Compared to traditional Nd:YAG laser, Ultra Q:YAG laser requires less frequency of laser treatment(<i>P</i><0.001), and had no significant relationship with vitreous opacity(<i>P</i>>0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Ultra Q:YAG is easier to operate, safer and has better subjective symptom improvement than traditional Nd:YAG laser treatment of vitreous floaters, especially for the patients with Weiss ring, floccule and dense membrane.
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Background: To present the benefits of high power lasers (Er: YAG and Nd: YAG) over the use of the high speed turbine for the extraction of ceramics restorations, without damaging the surfaces of the teeth; being a relatively easier and faster procedure without the use of anesthetic agents, and the preparation of the ceramic restorations and cementing in the single session; with a follow-up of 1 year. Objective: The benefits of lasers over high-speed turbine mechanical instrumentation for crown removal encompass efficient restoration recovery without damage to tooth surfaces; and a relatively easier and faster procedure without the use of anesthetic agents. Methods: The Er: YAG laser (no contact; 3.2-4.0 W, 20 Hz) was used to extract the porcelain prosthesis, followed by a gingivectomy with the Nd: YAG laser on tooth 12 to improve the gingival contour. The dental surfaces where the ceramic prosthesis will be cemented were scanned. Then, CAD / CAM technology was used to make the ceramic veneers that were cemented in the same session. Results: The efficacy the Er:YAG laser energy was observed by the decreased of the time to remove all-ceramic materials through ablation of bonding cements, reducing working time by 75% compared to a high-speed turbine. Conclusions: An Er: YAG laser can safely remove lithium disilicate crowns with the settings used in this study. Laser-assisted removal of all ceramic PDFs is a promising treatment protocol. The use of the Nd: YAG (2.0 W power, short 20Hz, 320 µm optical fiber, in contact) laser allowed gingivoplasty to be performed, automatically cauterizing avoiding post-operative bleeding, and facilitating the preparation of ceramic restorations the same day. The use of high-power lasers and the use of accompanying CAD / CAM technology allowed this clinical case to be completed in a single visit without the use of temporary restorations, achieving absolute patient satisfaction. (AU)
Antecedentes: Apresentar os benefícios dos lasers de alta potência (Er: YAG e Nd:YAG) sobre o uso da turbina de alta velocidade para a remoção de restaurações cerâmicas, sem danificar as superfícies dos dentes; sendo um procedimento relativamente mais fácil e rápido evitando o uso de agentes anestésicos, conseguindo fazer o preparo das restaurações de cerâmica e cimentação em uma única sessão; com seguimento de 1 ano. Objetivo: Os benefícios dos lasers sobre a instrumentação mecânica com turbina de alta velocidade para a remoção da coroa abrangem a recuperação eficiente da restauração sem danos às superfícies dos dentes; e um procedimento relativamente mais fácil e rápido sem o uso de agentes anestésicos. Métodos: O laser Er: YAG (sem contato; 3,2-4,0 W, 20 Hz) foi utilizado para remover a prótese de porcelana, seguido de gengivectomia com o laser Nd: YAG no dente 12 para melhorar o contorno gengival. As superfícies dentais onde a prótese de cerâmica será cimentada foram escaneadas. Em seguida, a tecnologia CAD / CAM foi utilizada para confeccionar as facetas de cerâmicas que foram cimentadas na mesma sessão. Resultados: A eficácia da energia do laser Er: YAG foi observada pela diminuição do tempo na remoção dos materiais cerâmicos por meio da ablação dos cimentos de ligação, reduzindo o tempo de trabalho em 75% em relação a uma turbina de alta velocidade. Conclusão: Um laser Er: YAG pode remover com segurança as coroas de dissilicato de lítio com as configurações usadas neste estudo. A remoção assistida por laser de todos os PDFs de cerâmica é um protocolo de tratamento promissor. O uso do laser Nd: YAG (2,0 W potência, curta 20Hz, 320 µm fibra ótica, em contato) permitiu a realização da gengivoplastia, cauterizando automaticamente evitando sangramento pós-operatório e facilitando o preparo das restaurações cerâmicas no mesmo dia. O uso de lasers de alta potência e o uso da tecnologia CAD / CAM que o acompanha permitiram que este caso clínico fosse concluído em uma única visita, sem o uso de restaurações temporárias, alcançando a satisfação absoluta do paciente (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Computer-Aided Design , Dental Materials , Lasers, Solid-StateABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effects of Aominqing desensitizer and two laser (Er: YAG and Nd: YAG) treatments on the dentin surface morphology, hardness, and calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) contents and Ca/P ratio, to clarify the possible mechanisms, and to provide reference for its clinical application in the treatment of dentin sensitivity. Methods: The fresh third molars extracted because of impaction from the volunaeers aged 18-20 years old were collected. A total of 32 dentin slices of 2 mm were prepared; the samples were divided into blank control group, Aominqing group Er: YAG group and Nd: YAG group, and there were eight samples in each group. Except blank control group, the samples in other groups were used to establish the dentin hypersensitivity models by purifying the polluted layer with 17% EDTA. Each sample was cut by linear cutting machine from the middle symmetry into two semicircle dentin; the half was used to detect the dentin surface microhardness (SMH) values by microhardness meter, another half was used to observe the surface morphology and analyze the Ca and P contents with SEM and EDS was observed. Results: There were no significant differences in the SMH values of dentin samples between various groups (P>0.05). In blank control group, there was no smear layer on the dentin surface with wide tubules and smooth and clean surface; the dentin tubules of the samples in Aominqing group were partially closed, and obstructions were seen in the tubuless in Er: YAG group the dentin tubules were little or no open, most of them were partially or completely closed tubules, the surface had the melting changes in Nd: YAG group, the dentin tubules were partially or completely closed with few open tubules and the surface was molten. Compared with blank control group and Aominging group, the Ca and P contents in the samples in Er: YAG group and Nd: YAG were significantly increased; there was no statistically significant difference in the contents of Ca and P between and blank control group and Aclinsing group (P>0.05), and the difference between Er: YAG group and Nd: YAG group was not significant (P>0.05). The differences in the Ca/P ratios between various groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The application of Aominqing desensitization agent, Er: YAG laser and Nd: YAG laser can not cause the changes of dentin SMH and the Ca/P ratio, but the application of Er: YAG and Nd: YAG laser to dentin can significantly increase the contents of Ca and P and change the morphology, composition and structure of dentin surface.
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@#AIM: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of two different kinds of Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in the treatment of posterior capsular opacification after cataract surgery and provide reliable evidence for the selection of posterior capsulotomy in clinical practice.<p>METHODS: A literature search was implemented in CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database, PubMed, Medline and Cochrane Library from 2000-01-01 to 2019-12-31. Two researchers independently performed literature search, screening, quality evaluation, and data extraction. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software. The mean difference and 95% confidence interval were used to measure the measurement data, including best corrected visual acuity, postoperative intraocular pressure, and laser energy. The odds ratio was used to measure the count data, including the rate of lens damage and the incidence of vitreous floaters.<p>RESULTS: A total of 7 studies were included, including Nd:YAG laser circular posterior capsulotomy and cruciate posterior capsulotomy in 432 eyes. The Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in postoperative best corrected visual acuity between the circular posterior capsulotomy group and the cruciate posterior capsulotomy group, <i>MD</i>=-0.01(95% <i>CI</i>: -0.03-0.01,<i> P</i>=0.32); there was no significant difference in postoperative IOP between the circular posterior capsulotomy group and the cruciate posterior capsulotomy group, <i>MD</i>=-0.60(95% <i>CI</i>: -1.31-0.11,<i> P</i>=0.10); there was no significant difference in laser energy between the two groups, <i>MD</i>=18.82(95% <i>CI</i>: -11.88-49.51, <i>P</i>=0.23); there was also no significant difference in the rate of lens damage and the incidence of vitreous floaters, <i>OR</i>=0.97(95% <i>CI</i>: 0.50-1.87, <i>P</i>=0.93); <i>OR</i>=2.88(95% <i>CI</i>: 0.28-29.26, <i>P</i>=0.37). <p>CONCLUSION:In the treatment of posterior capsular opacification after cataract surgery with Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy, there is no significant difference in efficacy and safety between circular posterior capsulotomy and cruciate posterior capsulotomy.
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@#INTRODUCTION: Pigmented contact dermatitis (PCD) is characterized by non-eczematous pigmentation associated with contact sensitizers, usually without any active or preceding pruritus and erythema. PCD was first described by Riehl, who identified patients with brown to gray facial pigmentation concentrated on the face most commonly associated with sensitizing chemical such as cosmetics, fragrances, and textiles. CASE REPORT: This is a case of a 48-year-old female Filipino who presents with blue-grey to brown patches on the forehead of 1-year duration with no significant pathologic history. Clinical examination, dermoscopy and histology were consistent with a variant of pigmented contact dermatitis known as Riehl melanosis. Since anamnesis was unremarkable, patch testing was done to identify the contact allergen triggering the symptom. Results obtained a positive reaction to nickel, potassium dichromate, and textile dye. CONCLUSION:Treatment includes the elimination of trigger factors, hence the importance of patch testing in the investigation of its cause. Alongside adequate photoprotection, a combination treatment of 1,064 nm Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser, 20% tricholoacetic acid (TCA) peel and oral retinoids, were found safe and effective in the management of facial melanosis. Three-dimensional imaging and dermoscopy were utilized to obtain a more standard and objective pre- and post-treatment comparison.
Subject(s)
Lasers, Solid-State , Patch Tests , Melanosis , Skin Abnormalities , Dermatitis, ContactABSTRACT
@#AIM:To observe the clinical effects of YAG laser ablation in patients with physiological vitreous floaters by A/B ultrasound combined with autofluorescence(AF)of angiography.<p>METHODS: Screening of 30 patients(30 eyes)with physiological vitreous floaters from August 2018 to January 2019 in Hankou Aier Eye Hospital, we used A/B ultrasound to measure the distance from the wall of the ball and the back surface of the lens before operations. Check the patient's best corrected visual acuity, non-contact intraocular pressure, scanning laser fundus photography, A/B ultrasound and autofluorescence(AF)of angiography before treatment, laser ablation was performed by the same skilled doctor using ELLEX YAG laser ablation machine. After treatment, the patients were followed up at the point of 1d, 1wk, and 1mo. The same examination was performed after operation. The Image-J software was used to measure the vitreous opacity in the autofluorescence of angiography pictures before and after treatment.<p>RESULTS:There was no significant difference in the best corrected visual acuity and non-contact intraocular pressure before and after treatment(<i>P</i>>0.05). Of the 30 eyes, 28 eyes underwent laser ablation treatment once, and 2 eyes underwent laser ablation treatment twice. The average number of treatments was 1.06. After treatment, the autofluorescence of angiography showed that the vitreous opacity was obviously reduced or disappeared, and the difference was statistically significant before and after treatment(<i>P</i><0.01). No complications occurred during or after surgery.<p>CONCLUSION: A/B ultrasound combined with autofluorescence confirmed that Nd:YAG laser is safe and effective in the treatment of physiological vitreous floaters.
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@#Keloid scars have always been a therapeutic challenge. Lasers due to their versatile action are being tried in the management of hypertrophic scars and keloid. Use of Nd:YAG laser especially in dark skin types is justifiable but sufficient data is not available.
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Objective: Evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) in different dentin thicknesses, under simulated pulpal pressure (SPP), submitted to an adhesive technique using laser irradiation. Material and methods: Forty sound human molars were sectioned and randomly divided into two groups (n=20): Group 1 1 mm of dentin thickness; Group 2 2 mm of dentin thickness. Each group was divided into two subgroups (n=10): Subgroup A Absence of SPP; Subgroup P Presence of SPP (15 cm H2 O). The samples were sequentially treated with: 37% phosphoric acid, adhesive system (Adper Single Bond 2), Nd:YAG laser irradiation (60 s, 1064 nm, 10 Hz) using 60 and 100 mJ/pulse energy parameters and photopolymerization (10 s). A composite resin block (Filtek Z350) was built up onto the irradiated area. After 30 days stored in water, the samples were sectioned and submitted to microtensile test (10 kgf load cell, 0.5mm/min). Data were analyzed by twoway ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results: Two-way ANOVA revealed no significant differences for SPP on bond strength. The laser energy parameters indicated that 100 mJ showed greater µTBS means compared to the group irradiated with 60 mJ. The presence of SPP reduced the mean µTBS values. Conclusions: Simulated pulpal pressure did not affect the µTBS using 60 mJ of laser energy parameter. At 100 mJ, the presence of SPP negatively influenced the bond strength, regardless of dentin thickness (AU)
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência adesiva (RA) em diferentes espessuras de dentina, associada à pressão pulpar simulada (PPS), quando submetidos à técnica adesiva por irradiação laser. Material e Métodos: Quarenta molares humanos hígidos foram seccionados e divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos (n=20): Grupo 1 1 mm de espessura de dentina; Grupo 2 2 mm de espessura de dentina. As amostras foram divididas em 2 subgrupos (n=10): Subgrupo A ausência de PPS; Subgrupo P presença de PPS (15 cm de H2 O). As amostras foram tratadas seqüencialmente com: ácido fosfórico 37%, sistema adesivo (Adper Single Bond 2), irradiação com Nd:YAG laser (60 s, 1064 nm, 10 Hz) nos parâmetros de energia de 60 e 100 mJ/pulso e fotopolimerização (10 s). Um bloco de resina composta (Filtek Z350, 3M ESPE) foi confeccionado sobre a área irradiada. Após 30 dias armazenados em água, os espécimes foram seccionados e submetidos ao teste de microtração (carga de 10 kgf, 0.5mm/min). Os dados foram analisados pelos testes ANOVA sob 2 fatores e Tukey (p<0.05). Resultados: ANOVA mostrou que não houve diferenças significativas para PPS na RA. Para os parâmetros de energia do laser, 100 mJ apresentou maiores médias de RA quando comparado ao grupo irradiado à 60 mJ. A presença da PPS reduziu as médias de RA. Conclusão: Pressão pulpar simulada não afetou os valores de resistência adesiva para o grupo irradiado com 60 mJ. Para 100 mJ, a presença da pressão pulpar influenciou negativamente na resistência adesiva, independente das espessuras de dentina.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Cements , Dental Pulp , Dentin , Lasers, Solid-State , Hydrostatic Pressure , Random Allocation , Analysis of Variance , Composite Resins , Dentin/radiation effects , MolarABSTRACT
@#AIM:To observe the clinical effects of YAG laser ablation in patients with physiological vitreous floaters by A/B ultrasound combined with autofluorescence(AF)of angiography.<p>METHODS: Screening of 30 patients(30 eyes)with physiological vitreous floaters from August 2018 to January 2019 in Hankou Aier Eye Hospital, we used A/B ultrasound to measure the distance from the wall of the ball and the back surface of the lens before operations. Check the patient's best corrected visual acuity, non-contact intraocular pressure, scanning laser fundus photography, A/B ultrasound and autofluorescence(AF)of angiography before treatment, laser ablation was performed by the same skilled doctor using ELLEX YAG laser ablation machine. After treatment, the patients were followed up at the point of 1d, 1wk, and 1mo. The same examination was performed after operation. The Image-J software was used to measure the vitreous opacity in the autofluorescence of angiography pictures before and after treatment.<p>RESULTS:There was no significant difference in the best corrected visual acuity and non-contact intraocular pressure before and after treatment(<i>P</i>>0.05). Of the 30 eyes, 28 eyes underwent laser ablation treatment once, and 2 eyes underwent laser ablation treatment twice. The average number of treatments was 1.06. After treatment, the autofluorescence of angiography showed that the vitreous opacity was obviously reduced or disappeared, and the difference was statistically significant before and after treatment(<i>P</i><0.01). No complications occurred during or after surgery.<p>CONCLUSION: A/B ultrasound combined with autofluorescence confirmed that Nd:YAG laser is safe and effective in the treatment of physiological vitreous floaters.
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Introduction: Transient intraocular pressure rise is acommonly observed phenomenon following Nd:YAGcapsulotomy. However, IOP change is considered to bedependent on multiple factors. Study aimed to assess factorsdetermining the IOP change following Nd:YAG capsulotomy.Material and Methods:A total of 150 adult patients, scheduledto undergo Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy for management ofposterior chamber opacification (PCO) were enrolled. Age,gender, time since cataract surgery, PCO grade, IOP, topicalhypotensive use was noted in all the cases. Amount of energyused in Nd:YAG procedure was recorded. Postoperative IOPchange was noted immediately, 1 hr and 3 hr postoperativeintervals. Rise >5 mm was considered clinically significant.Independent samples ‘t’-test, Chi-square test and binarylogistic regression were used. Data analysis was performedusing SPSS 15.0 software.Results: Mean age of patients was 60±11.3 years. Majoritywere females (59.3%). Majority of patients had Grade I andII of PCO (64%), 5-10 years duration since cataract surgery(79.3%) and topical hypotensive use was done(58%).Preoperative mean IOP was 15.99±2.72 mmHg. Energyused was 55.7±52.7 mJ. A total of 19 (12.7%) patients hadIOP rise >5 mm. On univariate analysis, Grade III or abovePCO, higher level of total energy use and low hypotensive usewere found to be significantly associated with IOP rise. Onmultivariate assessment, low hypotensive use and high energyuse were found to be significantly associated with clinicallysignificant IOP rise (p<0.05).Conclusions: Low energy and prophylactic topicalhypotensives were protective against IOP rise.